Navigation bar--use text links at bottom of page.

B I B L I O G R A P H Y   F O R

Paleolithic Diet vs. Vegetarianism:
What Was Humanity's Original Natural Diet?


Abrams, H. Leon Jr. (1979) "The relevance of Paleolithic diet in determining contemporary nutritional needs." Journal of Applied Nutrition, vol. 31, nos. 1 & 2, pp. 43-59.

Abrams, H. Leon Jr. (1980) "Vegetarianism: an anthropological/nutritional evaluation." Journal of Applied Nutrition, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 53-87.

Abrams, H. Leon Jr. (1982) "Anthropological research reveals human dietary requirements for optimal health." Journal of Applied Nutrition, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 38-45.

Abrams, H. Leon Jr. (1983) "Salt and sodium: an anthropological cross cultural perspective in health and disease." Journal of Applied Nutrition, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 127-158.

Aiello, Leslie C.; Wheeler, Peter (1995) "The expensive-tissue hypothesis: the brain and the digestive system in human and primate evolution." Current Anthropology, vol. 36, no. 2 (April 1995), pp. 199-221.

American Dietetic Association (1993) "Position of the American Dietetic Association: vegetarian diets." Journal of the American Dietetic Association, vol. 93 (Nov. 1993), pp. 1317-1319.

Ames, Bruce (1983) "Dietary carcinogens and anticarcinogens. Oxygen radicals and degenerative diseases." Science, vol. 221 (Sept. 23, 1983), pp. 1256-1264.

Ames, Bruce N.; Magaw, Renae; Gold, Lois Swirsky (1987) "Ranking possible carcinogenic hazards." Science, vol. 236 (Apr. 17, 1987), pp. 271-280. (Discussions follow in vol. 237 (Jul. 17, 1987), p. 235; vol. 237 (Sep. 18, 1987), pp. 1399-1400; vol. 238 (Dec. 18, 1987) pp. 1633-1635; vol. 240 (May 20, 1988) pp. 1043-1047.)

Andrews, Peter; Martin, Lawrence (1992) "Hominoid dietary evolution." In: Whiten A. and Widdowson E.M. (editors/organizers), Foraging Strategies and Natural Diet of Monkeys, Apes, and Humans: Proceedings of a Royal Society Discussion Meeting held on 30 and 31 May, 1991. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press. (pp. 39-49)

Angel, Lawrence J. (1984) "Health as a crucial factor in the changes from hunting to developed farming in the Eastern Mediterranean." In: Cohen, Mark; Armelagos, George J. (eds.) Paleopathology at the Origins of Agriculture. Orlando: Academic Press. (pp. 51-73)

Aoki K. (1991) "Time required for gene frequency change in a deterministic model of gene culture coevolution, with special reference to the lactose absorption problem." Theoretical Population Biology, vol. 40, pp. 354-368.

Audette, Raymond V.; with Gilchrist, Troy (1995) Neander-Thin: A Cave Man's Guide to Nutrition. Dallas, Texas: Paleolithic Press.

Barzel, Uriel S.; Massey, Linda K. (1998) "Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone." Journal of Nutrition, vol. 128, pp. 1051-1053.

Benditt, John (1989) "Cold water on the fire: a recent survey casts doubt on evidence for early use of fire." Scientific American, May 1989, pp. 21-22.

Benesh, Gerald (1971) "Excessive fruit eating." Ahimsa, vol. 17, no. 3 (May/Jun. 1976), pp. 1-2. (Reprinted from Dr. Shelton's Hygienic Review, Apr. 1971)

Berglund and Björck (1993) "Ice through the ages." In: Burenhult, Goran (ed.) The First Humans: Human Origins and History to 10,000 B.C. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers. (pp. 82-83)

Bidwell, Victoria (1990) The Health Seekers' Yearbook: A Revolutionist's Handbook for Getting Well and Staying Well without The Medicine Men. Freemont, California: GetWell StayWell America.

Blumenschine, Robert J. (1992) "Hominid carnivory and foraging strategies, and the socio-economic function of early archaeological sites." In: Whiten A. and Widdowson E.M. (editors/organizers), Foraging Strategies and Natural Diet of Monkeys, Apes, and Humans: Proceedings of a Royal Society Discussion Meeting held on 30 and 31 May, 1991. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press. (pp. 51-61)

Bodmer, W.F.; Cavalli-Sforza, L.L. (1976) Genetics, Evolution, and Man. San Francisco, California: W.H. Freeman & Co..

Bower, Bruce (1989) "A world that never existed: researchers debate the pervasive view of modern hunter-gatherers as a window to humanity's past." Science News, vol. 135 (Apr. 29, 1989), pp. 264-266.

Breslau, N.A.; Brinkley, L.; Hill, K.; Pak, C.Y.C. (1988) "Relationship of animal-protein rich diet to kidney stone formation and calcium metabolism." J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol. 66, pp. 140-146.

Brody, Jane E. (1979) "Studies suggest a harmful shift in today's menu." New York Times (Science Section). May 15, 1979, p. C1 and following.

Burch, Ernest S. Jr.; Ellanna, Linda J. (eds) (1994) Key Issues in Hunter-Gatherer Research. Oxford, England; Providence, Rhode Island: Berg.

Burenhult, Goran (ed.) (1993a) The First Humans: Human Origins and History to 10,000 B.C. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers.

Burenhult, Goran (ed.) (1993b) People of the Stone Age: Hunter-Gatherers and Early Farmers. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers.

Burenhult, Goran (1993c) "Towards homo sapiens: habilines, erectines, and neanderthals." In: Burenhult, Goran (ed.), The First Humans: Human Origins and History to 10,000 B.C. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers. (pp. 55-59, 62-64, 66-67)

Burenhult, Goran (1993d) "Modern people in Africa and Europe." In: Burenhult, Goran (ed.), The First Humans: Human Origins and History to 10,000 B.C. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers. (pp. 77-81, 84-85, 88-93, 95)

Campbell, T. Colin; Chen, J. (1994) "Diet and chronic degenerative diseases: perspectives from China." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 59, pp. 1153S-1161S.

Catassi, C.; Ratsch, I.-M.; Fabiani, E. (1994) "Celiac disease in the year 2000: exploring the iceberg." The Lancet (North American edition), Jan. 22, 1994, vol. 343, pp. 200-203.

Cavalli-Sforza, L. Luca; Menozzi, Paolo; Piazza, Alberto (1994) The History and Geography of Human Genes. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Cinque, Ralph C. (1976) "Man's natural diet." Ahimsa, vol. 17, no. 3 (May/Jun. 1976), pp. 1-2, 4. (Reprinted from Dr. Shelton's Hygienic Review, Jun. 1976)

Coursey, D.G. (1975) "The origins and domestication of yams in Africa." In: Arnott, Margaret L. (ed.), Gastronomy: The Anthropology of Food and Food Habits. The Hague: Mouton Publishers. Distributed in U.S. by Aldine Publishing Co., Chicago, Illinois. (pp. 187-212)

Crawford, Michael A. (1992) "The role of dietary fatty acids in biology: their place in the evolution of the human brain." Nutrition Reviews, vol. 50, no. 4 (April 1992, part 2) pp. 3-11.

Cridland, Ronald (1988) "Dr. Ronald Cridland replies," in "Truth, Not Tradition, Is the Basis of Natural Hygiene." Health Science, March/April 1988, pp. 7-9. (on food combining, antibiotics, vaccines, and infectious disease, including ANHS conf where many N.H. attendees came down with flu-like symptoms)

Cridland, Ronald (1994a) "Ultimate in vegetables." Health Science, May/Jun. 1994, vol. 17, no. 3, p. 21. (on gas to due raw broccoli and cauliflower)

Cridland, Ronald (1994b) "Unwanted natural gas." Health Science, July/Aug. 1994, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 22-23. (on gas even while following food combining, etc.)

Davidson, Iain; Noble, William (1993) "When did language begin?" In: Burenhult, Goran (ed.) The First Humans: Human Origins and History to 10,000 B.C. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers. (p. 46)

Davis, Devra Lee (1987) "Paleolithic Diet, Evolution, and Carcinogens." Science, vol. 238, pp. 1633-1634 (includes response by Bruce Ames).

DeFoliart Gene R. (compiled by) (1995a) "Food insects hold prominent place in international symposium on biodiversity in agriculture for a sustainable future, Beijing, China, September 19-21, 1995." The Food Insects Newsletter, November 1995, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 1-4.

DeFoliart Gene R. (compiled by) (1995b) "The human use of insects as food in Uganda." The Food Insects Newsletter, March 1995, Vol. 8, No. 1., pp. 1, 10.

Diamond, Jared (1996) "Why women change." Discover, vol. 17 (July 1996) no. 7, pp. 130-137. (on the evolution of menopause, and selection for longevity in humans)

Dinshah, Freya (1976) "Menstruation." Ahimsa, vol. 17, no. 2 (Mar./Apr. 1976), p. 6.

Dinshah, H. Jay, (1976-77) "Fruit for thought: should man live by fruit alone?" (a 4-part article series). Ahimsa; Part 1 in vol. 17, no. 2 (Mar./Apr. 1976), pp. 1, 4, 7-8; Part 2 in vol. 17, no. 3 (May/Jun. 1976), pp. 1, 7-8; Part 3 in vol. 17, no. 4 (Jul./Aug., Sept./Oct., Nov./Dec. 1976 combined issue), pp. 1-9, 11-12; Part 4 in vol. 18, no. 1 (Jan./Mar. 1977), pp. 1-3, 5-8.

Eaton, S. Boyd, and Konner, Melvin (1985) "Paleolithic nutrition: a consideration of its nature and current implications." The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 312, no. 5 (Jan. 31, 1985), pp. 283-289.

Eaton, S.B.; Konner, Melvin; Shostak, Marjorie (1988a) "Stone-agers in the fast lane: chronic degenerative diseases in evolutionary perspective." American Journal of Medicine, vol. 84, pp. 739-749.

Eaton, S. Boyd; Shostak, Marjorie; Konner, Melvin (1988b) The Paleolithic Prescription: A Program of Diet and Exercise and a Design for Living. New York: Harper & Row.

Eaton, S.B.; Nelson, D.A. (1991) "Calcium in evolutionary perspective." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 54, pp. 281S-287S.

Eaton, S. Boyd (1992) "Humans, Lipids, and Evolution." Lipids, vol. 27, no. 10 (1992), pp. 814-820.

Eaton, S. Boyd; Eaton, Stanley B. III; Konner, Melvin J.; Shostak, Marjorie (1996) "An evolutionary perspective enhances understanding of human nutritional requirements." Journal of Nutrition, vol. 126 (1996), pp. 1732-1740.

Eaton, S. Boyd; Eaton, Stanley B. III (1998) "Evolution, diet and health." Presented in association with the scientific session, "Origins and Evolution of Human Diet," at the 14th International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences in Williamsburg, Virginia. (See the symposium's website for other papers presented.)

Eldredge, Niles (1995) Reinventing Darwin: The Great Debate at the High Table of Evolutionary Theory. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Ember, C.R. (1978) "Myths about hunter-gatherers." Ethnology, vol. 17, pp. 439-448.

Fischman, Joshua (1996a) "A fireplace in France." Discover, Jan. 1996, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 69.

Fischman, Joshua (1996b) "Oldest Europeans reign in Spain." Discover, Jan. 1996, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 66-67.

Foley, Robert, (1995) Humans Before Humanity. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers, Inc.

Forni, Gaetano (1975) "The origin of grape wine: a problem of historical ecological anthropology." In: Arnott, Margaret L. (ed.), Gastronomy: The Anthropology of Food and Food Habits. The Hague: Mouton Publishers. Distributed in U.S. by Aldine Publishing Co., Chicago, Illinois. (pp. 67-78)

Gittleman Ann Louise (with James Templeton and Candelore Versace) (1996) Your Body Knows Best: The Revolutionary Eating Plan That Helps You Achieve Your Optimal Weight and Energy Level for Life. New York: Pocket Books, a division of Simon & Schuster Inc.

Goldfinger, Stephen E. (1992) "Celiac disease: a cereal mystery." Harvard Health Letter, vol. 17, no. 4 (Feb. 1992), pp. 6-8.

Goodall, Jane (1986) The Chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of Behavior. Cambridge, Mass.; London, England: The Belknap Press of Harvard Univ. Press.

Goudsblom, Johan (1992) Fire and Civilization. London, England; New York, New York: Penguin Books.

Gould, Stephen Jay (1996) "Creating the Creators." Discover, vol. 17, no. 10 (Oct. 1996), pp. 43-54.

Gray, Hope; Taylor, Susan; Lennon, James Michael (1992) "Diet and disease: the China study." Health Science, vol. 15, no. 5 (Sept./Oct. 1992), pp. 6-9.

Greco, Luigi (1995) "From the Neolithic Revolution to Gluten Intolerance." This article, dated 6/30/1995 was published on a website with this address: http://www.hooked.net/users/sadams/history.html, and contains footnotes and bibliographic references. (Update: Unfortunately, a recent check showed this URL to no longer be working. Greco is a Ph.D./M.D. in pediatrics at the University of Naples, Italy, and a European authority on gluten intolerance. He can be reached via email at this address.)

Gross, Jane D.; Rich, Thomas H.; Vickers-Rich, Patricia (1993) "Dinosaur bone infection." Research and Exploration, vol. 9, (Summer 1993), pp. 286-293.

Groves, Colin (1993) "Our earliest ancestors." In: Burenhult, Goran (ed.), The First Humans: Human Origins and History to 10,000 B.C. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers. (pp. 33-40, 42-45, 47-52)

Health magazine (1996) "Are mushrooms really carcinogenic?" Health, vol. 10, no. 6 (Oct. 1996), p. 116.

Hitchcox, Lee (1996) Long Life Now: Strategies for Staying Alive. Berkeley, California: Celestial Arts.

Ho, Kang-Jey et al (1972) "Alaskan Arctic Eskimo: responses to a customary high-fat diet." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 25, no. 8 (Aug. 1972), pp. 737+.

Hoggan, Ron B. (in press, late 1996 or 1997) "Considering Wheat, Rye, and Barley Proteins as Aids to Carcinogens." Medical Hypotheses.

Hunt, J.R.; Gallagher, S.K.; Johnson, L.K.; Lykken, G.I. (1995) "High- vs. low meat diets: effects on zinc absorption, iron status, and calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, nitrogen, phosphorus, and zinc balance in postmenopausal women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 62, pp. 621-632.

James, Steven R. (1989) "Hominid use of fire in the lower and middle Pleistocene. A review of the evidence." Current Anthropology, vol. 30, pp. 1-26.

Jerome, Norge, W.; Kandel, Randy F.; Pelto, Gretel H. (eds.) (1980) Nutritional Anthropology: Contemporary Approaches to Diet and Culture. Pleasantville, New York: Redgrave Publishing Co.

Johnston, Francis E. (ed.) (1987) Nutritional Anthropology. New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc.

Jones, Nicholas B.; Hawkes, Kristen; Draper, Patricia (1994) "Differences between Hadza and !Kung children's work: original affluence or practical reason?" In: Burch, Ernest S. Jr.; Ellanna, Linda J., Key Issues in Hunter Gatherer Research. Oxford, England; Providence, Rhode Island: Berg. (pp. 189-215)

Kopytoff, Verne G. (1995) "Meat viewed as staple of chimp diet and mores." New York Times, Jun. 7, 1995.

Kulvinskas, Viktoras (1975) Survival into the 21st Century. Wethersfield, Conn.: Omangod Press.

Lewin, Roger (1993a) The Origin of Modern Humans. New York: Scientific American Library, a division of HPHLP.

Lewin, Roger (1993b) "Shock of the past for modern medicine." New Scientist, vol. 140, (Oct. 23, 1993), pp. 28-32.

Liljegren, Ronnie (1993) "Animals of ice age Europe." In: Burenhult, Goran (ed.) The First Humans: Human Origins and History to 10,000 B.C. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers. (pp. 86-87)

Lutz, W.J. (1995) "The Colonisation of Europe and Our Western Diseases." Medical Hypotheses, vol. 45, pp. 115-120.

Mann, George V.; Spoerry, Anne; Gray, Margarete; Jarashow, Debra (1972) "Atherosclerosis in the Masai." American Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 95, no. 1 (Jan. 1972), pp. 26-37.

Mapes, Lynda V. (1993) "Breatharian proves you are what you eat." The Spokesman-Examiner, unknown issue date, but apparently late 1993 sometime. This article, datelined "Seattle," was forwarded to me in Nov. or Dec. 1993, by a participant in The Natural Hygiene M2M who included only partial source data. Given the M2M participant was living in Washington state at the time the article was forwarded, we are assuming the piece was clipped from a local or regional paper at the time it was published. The article has clear earmarks of having been published in a Seattle metropolitan-area newspaper, but unfortunately I cannot trace it more specifically than this.

Martin, Glen (1996) "Keepers of the oaks." Discover, Aug. 1996, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 44-50.

Mazess, Richard B. and Mather, Warren (1974) "Bone mineral content of North Alaskan Eskimos." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 27, no. 9 (Sept. 1974), pp. 916-925.

McArdle, John (1996) "Humans are omnivores." In: Vegetarian Resource Group (ed) (1996) The Vegan Handbook. Vegetarian Resource Group, P.O. Box 1463, Baltimore, MD 21203.

McGrew, W.C. (1992) Chimpanzee Material Culture: Implications for Human Evolution. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Megarry, Tim (1995) Society in Prehistory: The Origins of Human Culture. New York: New York University Press.

Menon, Shanti (1996) "Oldest Asians in China." Discover, Jan. 1996, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 66.

Milton, Katharine (1993) "Diet and Primate Evolution." Scientific American, Aug. 1993, pp. 86-93.

Mogelonsky, Marcia (1995) "Milk Doesn't Always Do a Body Good." American Demographics (Jan. 1995). Online version available at: http://www.demographics.com/publications/ad/95_ad/9501_ad/9501ab07.htm.

Montgomery, Sy (1991) Walking with the Great Apes: Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, Biruté Galdikas. Boston; New York; London: Houghton Mifflin Co.

National Research Council (U.S.), Committee on Diet and Health. (1989) Diet and Health: Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

Natural Hygiene Press (1982) Fit Food for Humanity. Bridgeport, Connecticut: Natural Hygiene Press.

O'Dea, K. (1992) "Traditional diet and food preferences of Australian Aboriginal hunter-gatherers." In: Whiten A. and Widdowson E.M. (editors/organizers), Foraging Strategies and Natural Diet of Monkeys, Apes, and Humans: Proceedings of a Royal Society Discussion Meeting held on 30 and 31 May, 1991. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press. (pp. 73-81)

Palmqvist, Lennart (1993) "First Farmers of the Western World." In: Burenhult, Goran (ed.) People of the Stone Age: Hunter-Gatherers and Early Farmers. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers. (pp. 17-21, 24-26, 28-29, 32-35)

Patel, Tara (1995) "Burnt stones and rhino bones hint at earliest fire." New Scientist, June 17, 1995, p. 5.

Peters, Charles R.; O'Brien, Eileen M. (1984 or 85?) "On hominid diet before fire." Current Anthropology, vol. ___, no. ___, pp. 358-360. [I am missing the issue date on this one. The article was a response to Ann Brower Stahl's "Hominid dietary selection before fire," which had earlier appeared in Current Anthropology, vol. 25, no. 2 (April 1984), pp. 151-168.]

Plowright, Walter (1988) "Viruses transmissible between wild and domestic animals." In: Smith, G.R.; Hearn, J.P. (eds) Reproduction and Disease in Captive and Wild Animals. Oxford, Oxfordshire; New York: Oxford Univ. Press. (pp. 175-199)

Rensberger, Boyce (1979) "Teeth show fruit was the staple." New York Times, May 15, 1979, p. C1 and following.

Robson, John R.K. (ed) (1988), Food, Ecology and Culture: Readings in the Anthropology of Dietary Practices. New York: Gordon and Breach.

Rowley-Conwy, Peter (1993a) "Mighty Hunter or Marginal Scavenger?" In: Burenhult, Goran (ed.) The First Humans: Human Origins and History to 10,000 B.C. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers. (pp. 60-61)

Rowley-Conwy, Peter (1993b) "What do the Zhoukoudian finds tell us?" In: Burenhult, Goran (ed.) The First Humans: Human Origins and History to 10,000 B.C. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers. (p. 65)

Ruff C.B., Trinkaus E., Holliday T.W. (1997) "Body mass and encephalization in Pleistocene Homo." Nature, vol. 387, pp. 173-176. (Figures for brain mass across human evolutionary time can be found in Table 1 on p. 174.)

Scarre, Chris (ed.) (1993) Smithsonian Timelines of the Ancient World: A Visual Chronology from the Origins of Life to A.D. 1500. New York: Dorling Kindersley.

Seamens, Dan (1992) "Eating for optimum health: is there a place for animal food in a healthy diet?" Natural Health, Nov./Dec. 1992, pp. 62-69.

Sears, Cathy (1990) "The chimpanzee's medicine chest." New Scientist, vol. 127 (Aug. 4, 1990), pp. 42-44.

Shnirelman, Victor A. (1994) "Cherchez le Chien: perspectives on the economy of the traditional fishing-oriented people of Kamchatka." In: Burch, Ernest S. Jr.; Ellanna, Linda J., Key Issues in Hunter-Gatherer Research. Oxford, England; Providence, Rhode Island: Berg. (pp. 169-188)

Sillen, A. (1992) "Strontium-calcium (Sr/Ca) ratios of Australopithecus robustus and associated fauna from Swartkrans." Journal of Human Evolution, vol. 23, pp. 495-516.

Simoons, Frederick J. (1988) "The determinants of dairying and milk use in the old world: ecological, physiological, and cultural." In: Robson, John R.K. (ed) (1988) Food, Ecology and Culture: Readings in the Anthropology of Dietary Practices. New York: Gordon and Breach. (pp. 83-91)

Simoons, Frederick J. (1994) Eat Not This Flesh: Food Avoidances from Prehistory to the Present (2nd Ed.). Madison, Wisconsin: Univ. of Wisconsin Press.

Smith, G.R.; Hearn, J.P. (eds) (1988a) Reproduction and Disease in Captive and Wild Animals. Oxford, Oxfordshire; New York: Oxford Univ. Press.

Smith, G.R. (1988b) "Anaerobic bacteria as pathogens in wild and captive animals." In: Smith, G.R.; Hearn, J.P. (eds) Reproduction and Disease in Captive and Wild Animals. Oxford, Oxfordshire; New York: Oxford Univ. Press. (pp. 159-173)

Southgate, D.A.T. (1992) "Nature and variability of human food consumption." In: Whiten A. and Widdowson E.M. (editors/organizers), Foraging Strategies and Natural Diet of Monkeys, Apes, and Humans: Proceedings of a Royal Society Discussion Meeting held on 30 and 31 May, 1991. Clarendon Press: Oxford, England. (pp. 121-128)

Spencer, H.; Kramer, L.; DeBartolo, M.; Norris, C.; Osis. D. (1983) "Further studies on the effect of a high-protein diet as meat on calcium metabolism." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 37, no. 6 (Jun. 1983), pp. 924-929.

Stahl, Ann Brower (1984) "Hominid dietary selection before fire." Current Anthropology, April 1984, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 151-168.

Stanford, Craig B. (1995) "To catch a colobus." Natural History, January 1995, pp. 48-54.

Thiessen, Del (1996) Bittersweet Destiny: The Stormy Evolution of Human Behavior. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers.

Tutin, Caroline E.G.; Fernandez, Michel; Rogers, M. Elizabeth; Williamson, Elizabeth A.; McGrew, William C. (1992) "Foraging profiles of sympatric lowland gorillas and chimpanzees in the Lopé Reserve, Gabon." In: Whiten A. and Widdowson E.M. (editors/organizers), Foraging Strategies and Natural Diet of Monkeys, Apes, and Humans: Proceedings of a Royal Society Discussion Meeting held on 30 and 31 May, 1991. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press. (pp. 19-26)

Ulijaszek, Stanley J. (1992) "Human dietary change." In: Whiten A. and Widdowson E.M. (editors/organizers), Foraging Strategies and Natural Diet of Monkeys, Apes, and Humans: Proceedings of a Royal Society Discussion Meeting held on 30 and 31 May, 1991. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press. (pp. 111-119)

Walker, Alan and Shipman, Pat (1996) The Wisdom of the Bones: In Search of Human Origins. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Whiten A. and Widdowson E.M. (editors/organizers) (1992) Foraging Strategies and Natural Diet of Monkeys, Apes, and Humans: Proceedings of a Royal Society Discussion Meeting held on 30 and 31 May, 1991. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.

Wilford, John N. (1996) "Three Human Species Coexisted On Earth, New Data Suggest," New York Times, 12/13/96. [The original reference paper (title unknown to me) was published in the 12/13/96 issue of the journal Science. Wilford's article gives a summary of the major points.]

Williams, George C.; Nesse, Randolph M. (1991) "The dawn of darwinian medicine." The Quarterly Review of Biology, Mar. 1991, vol. 66, pp. 1-22.

Wrangham, R.W.; Conklin, N.L.; Chapman, C.A.; Hunt, K.D. (1992) "The significance of fibrous foods for Kibale Forest chimpanzees." In: Whiten A. and Widdowson E.M. (editors/organizers), Foraging Strategies and Natural Diet of Monkeys, Apes, and Humans: Proceedings of a Royal Society Discussion Meeting held on 30 and 31 May, 1991. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press. (pp. 11-18)

Wrangham, R.W.; Holland Jones, J.; Laden, G.; Pilbeam, D.; Conklin-Brittain, N.L. (1999) "The raw and the stolen: cooking and the ecology of human origins." Current Anthropology, Dec. 1999, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 567-594.

Wu Rukang and Lin Shenglong (1983) "Peking man." Scientific American, June 1983, vol. 248, no. 6, pp. 86-94.

Yesner, David R. (1994) "Seasonality and resource 'stress' among hunter gatherers: archaeological signatures." In: Burch, Ernest S. Jr.; Ellanna, Linda J., Key Issues in Hunter-Gatherer Research. Oxford, England; Providence, Rhode Island: Berg. (pp. 151-167)

Return to beginning of interviews


SEE TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR: PART 1 PART 2 PART 3

GO TO PART 1 - Setting the Record Straight on Humanity's Prehistoric Diet and Ape Diets

GO TO PART 2 - Fire and Cooking in Human Evolution

GO TO PART 3 - The Psychology of Idealistic Diets / Successes & Failures of Vegetarian Diets

Back to Frank Talk by Long-Time Insiders

   Beyond Veg home   |   Feedback   |   Links